Volkov, methods for computer design of diffractive optical elements wiley, 2002. They offer a very good precision of the micro optical elements but these methods are expensive and they require specialized equipment. Methods for computer design of diffractive optical elements wiley series in lasers and applications, 2002. Robust design method for highly efficient beamshaping diffractive optical elements using an iterativefouriertransform algorithm with soft operations.
Iterative methods for diffractive optical elements computation. Methods for computer design of diffractive optical elements is an estimable reference for experts in the aerospace industry, research and development institutes, the automobile industry, as well as students and university professors. In this paper is presented the design, fabrication and characterization of a binary phasecontrast transmission diffractive optical element made by wet etching of the glass substrate. The first one is the use of scalar diffraction theory for the purpose of simulating and implementing diffractive optical elements does. Such a diffuser provides light with more than two phasor vectors at the zero order. Computer design of diffractive optics sciencedirect. Modeling, design and fabrication of diffractive optical elements. A comparison of the iterative fourier transform method and. Diffractive optical elements does shape and split laser beams in an energyefficient manner. Pdf in this paper is presented the design, fabrication and characterization of a binary phasecontrast. Thefinite element methodfor solvingintegral equations 21 references 24 2 diffractive opticaltransformations 25 2. Fabrication of micro and diffractive optical devices by use. The new method combines the optimal decimationinfrequency iterative interlacing technique odifiit with the lohmann coding scheme. Methods for solving thedirect diffractionproblem 19 1.
However a considerable part of it uses computer generated digital simulations and optimization techniques which utilize the up growing power of modern. Search the leading research in optics and photonics applied research from spie journals, conference proceedings and presentations, and ebooks. Verification methods of the shaping effect by simulation in. The optical projection using speckles is one of the structured light methods that have been applied to threedimensional 3d range sensors. Click download or read online button to get methods for computer design of diffractive optical elements book now. Iteractive methods for diffractive optical elements. Robust design method for highly efficient beamshaping diffractive. Diffractive optical elements doe 15 are in fact computer generated. The design of diffractive optical elements uses many ideas and concepts from. Methods for computer design of diffractive optical elements december 2001. Diffractive elements are fabricated by the method of direct laser writing on a photoresist by using a circular laser writing system.
Using inhouse developed as well as commercially available state of theart software tools and algorithms, appropriate simulation methods paraxial or rigorous electromagnetic are used for optimization of the doe design. This high level monograph for the optics research market explores a large number of novel interactive methods and algorithms for calculating the transmission function of phase diffractive optical elements. How is the design in a computer transformed into a physicalcomponent. Computeraided design of diffractive optical elements request pdf. Request pdf computeraided design of diffractive optical elements a number. Continuous profile writing by optical and electron lithography. In two dimensions the design of paraxially operating diffractive elements is typically based on a pixeloriented parametrization of the structure of the element. Diffractive optics as a field has seen a lot of progress in the past. Optical elements are not only limited in refractive lenses, prisms, and mirrors. The donut profile of the vortex design is now used for multispot elements in which two donut profiles can be arranged either next to or one after the other. Suppose someone goofed and the design is incorrect. Multifocal diffractive lens generating several fixed foci at. Computer design of diffractive optics woodhead publishing. Micro and diffractive optical elements springerlink.
Pseudorandom dot arrays with different sizes were generated to validate the proposed encoding methods. Improved focus depth with does the small focus depth of optical elements is particularly problematic in laser applications. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. In the past, optical elements were often designed with axisymmetric surface due to limitation on fabrication processes. Study of the chromatic properties of harmonic diffractive lens. The main focus was on the optimal design of computer generated holograms cghs. Sep 16, 2016 diffractive optical elements can be realized as ultrathin plates that offer significantly reduced footprint and weight compared to refractive elements. Three methods of designing diffractive optical elements doe are compared. Diffractive optics refers to the technology of producing surfacerelief, and computer generated diffractive patterns directly on the optical material by means of fabrication technology in the microelectronics industry, offering a very flexible way of controlling and shaping of phase fronts or bending of rays. Pdf design and fabrication of diffractive optical elements. Robust design method for highly efficient beamshaping. Analysis and design of complex diffractive optical elements does with. Rpc photonics designs and fabricates diffractive elements with both binary and analog phase profiles.
The breadth of methods for computer design of diffractive optical elements covers doe production, beginning from the design techniques and the software, to the fabrication technology, experimental studies, and testing of does, including all major doe application fields and doe types. It is shown that the combination of both methods produces a better solution than the iterative method and is faster than using the evolutionary strategy only. New optical components such as microlens arrays, holographic lenses, and diffractive elements are also used in various optoelectronic devices, so that optoelectronic devices and their components are smaller, in flat array and feasible integration. With this method, inverse problems of doe design can be efficiently solved.
Based on the principles of computer generated holograms, the iterative fourier transform. Design and verification of diffractive optical elements for. Osa design of diffractive optical element projector for a. Shlomit katz is an optical design engineer at holoor ltd. Computergenerated stratified diffractive optical elements. Does are being widely applied in such areas as telecommunications, electronics, laser technologies and biomedical engineering. The theoretical aspects underpinning diffractive optics are initially explored, including the main equations in diffraction theory and diffractive optical transformations. Effect of supercomputer parallelization on the simulation time. However, before a diffractive optical element can be built, a number of additional questions must be addressed. Differentschemes ofsolving differential equations 19 1. Diffractive optics involves the manipulation of light using diffractive optical elements does. Encoded diffractive optics for fullspectrum computational. A computational design framework for efficient, fabrication.
Rigorous analysis and design of diffractive optical elements by jianhua jiang a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in the optical science and engineering program of the school of graduate studies of the university of alabama in huntsville huntsville, alabama 2000. Fabrication and application conference paper pdf available in proceedings of spie the international society for optical engineering 9283 april 2014 with 1,245. The approach for the design and fabrication presented here can be extended forr the realization of the diffractive optical elements with various application. Recent optical solutions with diffractive optical technology. Katz holds a bachelor of science degree in optical systems engineering. Various algorithms have been suggested to optimize such a set of parameters in order to obtain a diffractive element with satisfying optical properties.
Michael morris the institute of optics university of rocherster rochester, new york 14627. Proceedings of information technology and nanotechnology itnt2015, ceur workshop proceedings, 2015. Abstract beamshaping diffractive optical elements give a desired intensity distribution in the diffraction plane over areas much larger than the diffraction limited. Osa comparison of encoding methods for computergenerated. Design and fabrication of diffractive optical elements with matlab. Various optimal search strategies like direct search methods which. Methods for computer design of diffractive optical elements. We now consider a number of techniques for both dimensional and optical testing of diffractive optical elements. Factors affecting convergence in the design of diffractive optics by iterative vectorspace methods henry stark, yongyi yang, and damla gurkan department of electrical and computer engineering, illinois institute of technology, chicago, illinois 60601. A computational design framework for efficient, fabrication error.
You can implement a wide range of applications with minimal light loss examples of diffractive microoptics can be found in production facilities for laser material processing, in medical laser treatments and diagnostic instruments, in areas such. Diffractive optics rpc photonics optical components. Design and simulation methods design and simulation of diffractive optical elements. Second, diffractive optical elements were designed as dot projectors to generate pseudorandom dots by the gerchbergsaxton algorithm. Five modern encoding methods for diffractive optical elements are compared in terms of diffraction efficiency for an f1 focusing element. On pixeloriented structure parametrization for design of. A broadband diffractive diffuser contains at least three levels, with approximately a phase shift of. Factors affecting convergence in the design of diffractive.
It is shown that all five produce similar results for a given value of the minimum feature size. The design of diffractive optical elements uses many ideas and concepts from conventional optic designs. Computeraided design of diffractive optical elements. Methods for computer design of diffractive optical. Computer design of diffractive optics provides an authoritative guide to the principles and applications of computer designed diffractive optics. Dimensional measurements of diffractive optic structures are used both during and after fabrication of the element. Design and fabrication of diffractive optical elements. Computer design of diffractive optics provides an authoritative guide to the principles and applications. This book provides the reader with the broad range of materials that were discussed in a series of short courses presented at georgia tech on the design, fabrication, and testing of diffractive optical elements does.
In practice, diamonds are used for manufacturing diffractive optical elements does such as gratings, kinoforms, radiation focusators and correctors, etc. Us6118559a broadband diffractive diffuser and associated. Computergenerated stratified diffractive optical elements osa. The iterative fourier transform algorithm ifta is compared to an evolutionary strategy es approach and a combination of both methods. A computational design framework for efficient, fabrication errortolerant, planar thz diffractive optical elements skip to main content thank you for visiting. Introduction in the optical industry, freeform optical surfaces are now becoming a practical solution for some design and manufacturing problems. She designs diffractive optical elements and laser optical systems and provides technical support for a wide range of products. This paper investigates the design and fabrication of diffractive optical elements does for generating the light field with uniformly distributed speckles.
42 371 769 685 650 126 494 812 227 1182 550 1087 1216 739 934 974 886 1111 1425 1017 1358 349 1258 665 1213 632 1343 1110 1491 179